Submission Strategies

The Irish Submissions to Richard II, 1395



Notarial Instrument 8

The Submission of Niall Og O'Neill

Submission text (English, translated by Edmund Curtis)

Notarial Instrument VIII records that: on the 16th day of March, 1394-5, in a room of the Friars Preachers in Drogheda, in the presence of King Richard, Nellanus iuvenis O Nel [Niall Og O’Neill] in person, captain of his nation, removing his girdle with his dagger and cap, on bended knees, &c. [as in Instrument I]

took these words in Irish, which were rendered into English by Thomas O’Locheran, interpreter, in the presence of many well understanding the Irish language, viz :

‘I, Niall junior, captain of my nation, swear to be faithful liegeman of my Lord Richard, King of England and France and Lord of Ireland, my sovereign lord, and of his heirs and successors, being kings of England, from this day henceforth [as above in Instrument I].

So help me these God’s holy Gospels.’

For the observing of which allegiance and fealty, he bound himself [as in Instrument VI],

if he should violate the said oath, he would pay to the Papal Camera 20,000 marks of English money. Thereupon the King admitted him to the kiss of peace as his liege, and Niall requested the notary to make him a public instrument.

Witnesses: Thomas, Archbishop of York, John of Armagh, Primate of all Ireland, the bishops of London, Chichester, and Llandaff, Thomas Mowbray, Earl of Nottingham, Thomas Percy, Marshal of the Household, and William Scrope, the King’s Chamberlain.

Submission text (Latin, transcribed by Edmund Curtis)