Submission Strategies

The Irish Submissions to Richard II, 1395



Arundel

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Futher reading on the Arundel family

C. Given-Wilson, "Wealth and Credit, Public and Private: The Earls of Arundel 1306-1397," English Historical Review 106, no. 418 (1991): 1-26.


Thomas Arundel, Archbishop of York

Submission Documents

About

At the time of the submissions, Thomas Arundel was serving as Archbishop of York, a position he held from September 14, 1388 until his translation to Canterbury on September 25, 1396. He had previously been Bishop of Ely from 1374, a post he received at the extraordinarily young age of 20. Despite his presence as a witness at several of the submissions to Richard II, Thomas Arundel had been a vocal critic of the king's policies. Nevertheless, at the time of the submissions he enjoyed significant ecclesiastical and secular authority. In the years following Richard's visit to Ireland, however, Arundel and other members of his family were convicted of treason for their actions against Richard leading up to and including the Merciless Parliament of 1388. Arundel escaped execution by remaining on the Continent with Henry Bolingbrooke before returning with him in 1399. Following Richard's abdication, Arundel crowned Bolingbrooke Henry IV.

Location

York Minster

Further Reading

Margaret Aston, Thomas Arundel: A Study of Church Life in the Reign of Richard II (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1967).

Richard G. Davies, “Thomas Arundel as Archbishop of Canterbury, 1396-1414,” Journal of Ecclesiastical History 24, no. 1 (1973): 9-21.

Jonathan Hughes, "Arundel [Fitzalan], Thomas (1353-1414)" in ODNB

Powicke and Fryde, Handbook of British Chronology

Michael Wilks, “Thomas Arundel of York: The Appellant Archbishop,” in Life and Thought in the Northern Church, ed. Diana Wood (Rochester, NY: Ecclesiastical History Society, 1999): 57-86.


William Arundel

Submission Documents

About

This William Arundel is probably Sir William Arundel (ca. 1365-1400), son of Sir John Arundel and nephew of Thomas. Despite his family's contentious relationship with Richard II, William seems to have been well regarded by the king. In 1395, he was custos of Rochester Castle and was inducted into the Order of the Garter.

Location

Rochester Castle

Further Reading

George Frederick Beltz, Memorials of the Order of the Garter from its Foundation to the Present Time (London: William Pickering, 1841): 352-353.


Contributors

Margaret K. Smith